In games, we typically see two forms of AO these days - Screen Space Ambient Occlusion (SSAO) and Horizon-Based Ambient Occlusion (HBAO) (or HDAO for certain AMD titles).
An example of this can be seen on the stairs in the pair of Hitman 2 screenshots below. AO is used to help add shadows to the approximate location where we would expect to see them, such as where two objects meets. This light is scattered every which way and, without tracing, basically lights up an entire scene in an unnatural glow. So you’ve got a few ambient light sources flinging light out in every direction, including the sun, some lamps, or whatever it may be. Put together, Ambient Occlusion is the rendering of shadows based upon how exposed the area is to ambient lighting. Ambient, meaning the immediate surrounds of something (in games this refers to a light source), and Occlusion, meaning the obstruction of one thing by another. When you drill down to it though, whether it’s AO, SSAO, VXAO, HBAO, HDAO, or whatever it may be, it’s a method for tracing shadows based on ambient light sources.Īmbient Occlusion can be fairly succinctly broken down by looking at the name itself.
Ambient Occlusion is an umbrella term for all sorts of different variations on a theme.
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